A historical past of dentistry in photos

Pulling medieval teeth: a dentist with silver forceps and a necklace of big teeth, taken from the Omne Bonum, published in the 14th century. Photograph: British Library/Robana/REX

La Dentiste by Gerard van Honthorst. Dentistry in the 17th century. From Histoire des Peintres de Toutes les coles, cole Hollandaise, published 1863. Photograph: Design and style Pics Inc/REX

A humorous Victorian trade card (not used to advertise a dental office, but to promote fertilizer drills). Photograph: Buyenlarge/Getty Photographs

One more Victorian trade card for an early form of toothpaste. Photograph: Buyenlarge/Getty Images

A 19th-century Italian itinerant ‘tooth-drawer’, as they were then recognized. Photograph: DEA/A. DAGLI ORTI/De Agostini/Getty Photographs

A Persian dentist: Illustration from a copy of the Qur’an from about 1900. Photograph: Buyenlarge/Getty Photos

Taking the pain away: William TG Morton giving the first public demonstration of ether anaesthesia in Boston in 1846. Photograph: Apic/Getty Photos

A Meiji-time period Japanese travelling dentist carrying the tools of his trade on his back, circa 1897. Photograph: Buyenlarge/Getty Photos

The toothbrush gets huge organization: Hungary close to 1900. Photograph: Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Photos

A dentist and his nurse treating a schoolboy, circa 1910. Photograph: Heritage Pictures/Getty Pictures

A dentist has a excellent seem in Germany, about 1930. Photograph: Roger Viollet Assortment/Roger Viollet/Getty Pictures

Usually a very good source of comedy: a still from a movie starring The 3 Stooges, Larry, Moe and Curly, as dentists, from the 1930s. Photograph: Vintage Photographs/Getty Images

Dentists go mobile: a dentist treats a younger lady in a mobile surgical treatment operated for the benefit of nearby schoolchildren in Cambridgeshire, 1931. Photograph: Keystone/Getty Photographs

A Chinese dentist who works outdoors displays his instruments and pulled teeth on the table, circa 1950. Photograph: Herbert/Getty Photographs

Gleeming autos: a fleet of Messerschmitt micro-vehicles employed to market Gleem toothpaste. Photograph: Thurston Hopkins/Getty Photographs

The very first dental x-ray was taken by C Edmond Kells in 1896. By the mid-20th century, x-ray machines have been in widespread use by dentists. Photograph: Jon Brenneis/Time &amp Lifestyle Photographs/Getty Image

A roadside dentist reads a newspaper in Karachi. Photograph: Saeed Khan/AFP/Getty Photos

New technologies: laser is now utilised for the therapy of periodontal ailments. Photograph: Voisin/Phanie/REX

Laser tooth whitening is now widespread. Photograph: Marja Airio/REX

Young children get a lesson on tooth care from a dental hygienist at a mobile clinic in Colorado, USA. Photograph: John Moore/Getty Images

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A historical past of dentistry in photos

In photos: Cancer campaigner Stephen Sutton remembered at vigil

Thousands of folks have attended a vigil for young cancer campaigner Stephen Sutton at Lichfield Cathedral. Stephen, 19, from Burntwood, Staffordshire, has raised more than four million pounds for The Teenage Cancer Charity.Image: Christopher Furlong/ Getty

In photos: Cancer campaigner Stephen Sutton remembered at vigil

In photos: Photographer captures reactions of new fathers as partners give birth

The entire gamut of emotions knowledgeable by brand new fathers – ranging from petrified and ecstatic to tearful – have been captured in a poignant set of images. Photographer Dave Youthful spent the nights of April 23-26 at London’s Chelsea and Westminster hospital documenting the reactions of fathers minutes after their partners gave birth.

Above, Kennedy Culliford DOB: 03/2/77 Little one: Ava Grace “changed my f*@king globe”

Image: Dave Young/REX

In photos: Photographer captures reactions of new fathers as partners give birth

Families in search of water: in photos

Saturday 22nd March 2014 is Globe Water Day. Photographer Mustafah Abdulaziz travelled to Pakistan with WaterAid as component of a larger task searching at water.

In Sindh province, Pakistan, water and its availability dictates the rhythm of everyday existence. Individuals of the remote coastal places of Thatta encounter floods in the rainy season and drought in the dry season, with extreme implications for wellness but also livelihoods: fishermen are without fish to catch farmers are unable to sustain their crops or livestock. By contrast, in the desert plains of Tharparkar, households need to migrate each 3 many years in search of groundwater, which is not only incredibly constrained but also contaminated with substantial amounts of fluoride, foremost to bone abnormalities or skeletal harm. Females, for whom the obligation of collecting water is element of their family duties, invest on common four to 6 hours a day trekking to reach unprotected wells. On summer season days temperatures hover around 48 to 50 degrees Celsius (118 to 122 degrees Fahrenheit) and the falling water table indicates that water need to often be hauled from a depth of 150 to 200 feet. “Women fall unconscious on their way to these dug wells,” said Marvi Bheel, 45, a neighborhood resident in Tharparkar.

Over: Bareej, 27, puts water into a water storage container outside her house, Bewatoo, Tharparkar, Sindh, Pakistan, 2013.

Image: WaterAid/ Mustafah Abdulaziz

Families in search of water: in photos

Nepal"s chaupadi tradition banishes menstruating ladies – in photos

Women who practise chaupadi need to sleep in sheds or outbuildings even though on their time period. They have small make contact with with other individuals and minimal protection from the factors, causing some to die from illness or exposure

Dhuna Devi Saud prepares to rest inside a chaupadi shed in the hills of Legudsen village, a single of many tiny settlements in the remote Achham district. Images: Navesh Chitrakar/Reuters

A family members member delivers foods to women practising chaupadi, without touching the dish or the women, who are regarded to be impure while menstruating. Females are not permitted to enter a house or pass by a temple for the duration of their month to month cycle

Dhuna Devi Saud sits outside her house although observing chaupadi. Females and women who observe the tradition are forbidden from utilizing public water sources, touching livestock or attending social events

Suntali Devi Saud, who practises chaupadi, washes her clothing in a stream in Achham district. The custom has existed for centuries in isolated regions of Nepal

Dhuna Devi Saud sits outdoors of her residence while practising chaupadi. She finds it tough to rest in the shed due to the fact it gets so cold. The area she sleeps in throughout her time period is not big adequate to fit a bed, has no windows, and only a small door. There are wild animals living in the hills nearby and the shed provides small protection

Rupa Chand Shah, 32, a instructor who no longer supports the custom, teaches a chaupadi awareness class at Shree Devi Mando school in Legudsen village. Many females accept the tradition as a typical element of their lives

Sanu Bhul, 15, and Nirmla Kadayat, 16, dance to a song about chaupadi throughout an awareness class in Bailpata village. Sanu’s cousin Sarmila Bhul died alone in a shed a 12 months in the past even though observing the custom

Uttara Saud, 14, stands outdoors her property after taking a bath, possessing finished chaupadi

Saud’s shadow is cast on the wall of her residence. Women are forced to miss college in order to observe chaupadi

Uttara Saud, 14, sits within a chaupadi shed in the hills of Legudsen village. She is forced to miss school throughout her monthly cycle. In cities and less isolated areas, many Nepalis are unaware of the practice

Yagraj Bhul, 38, holds a portrait of his 15-yr-outdated daughter, Sarmila Bhul, who died even though practising chaupadi in Ridikot village. He says she was a healthy woman who was great at her studies. The result in of her death is unknown. There was no postmortem simply because there had been no doctors in the village to perform it. Bhul has seven daughters but because Sarmila’s death none of them practises chaupadi, and nor does his wife. Sarmila’s grandmother, Moti, says: “I used to really like her a good deal but she left us. Sarmila taught us a lesson that chaupadi is not a excellent practice.”

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Nepal"s chaupadi tradition banishes menstruating ladies – in photos

What the new US serving sizes really imply – in photos

On Thursday, first lady Michelle Obama and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced a plan to overhaul the US’ nutrition labels. Amid other adjustments, the new labels are intended to more accurately reflect how much Americans really consume. The proposed serving size adjustments got us asking yourself: how considerably of your favourite snack could you scarf down in ‘one serving’ below the outdated principles versus the new?

The FDA launched a listing of foods due for a serving-dimension overhaul. We tracked down and dissected a couple of favourites, so you really do not have to.

In the photographs below: current serving sizes on left, proposed serving size on the appropriate

What the new US serving sizes really imply – in photos